单选题 The pessimism and deterministic ideas of naturalism pervaded the works of such American writers as（自然主义的悲观主义和宿命论思想贯穿于以下哪位美国作家的作品中？）

单选题 Thomas Jefferson's attitude, that is, a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the period we now call _____.（托马斯·杰斐逊坚信进步、追求幸福的态度，是我们如今所称的_____时代的典型特征。）

单选题 Howells defined realism as “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material”, and he best exemplified his theories in three novels: The Modern Instance, the Rise of Silas Laphan, and .（豪威尔斯将现实主义定义为“对素材的真实呈现，不多也不少”，他的理论在三部小说中得到最佳体现：《现代婚姻》《赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹》和。）

单选题 Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution ”?（谁被称为“美国革命诗人”？）

单选题 Which writer is not a poet?（以下哪位作家不是诗人？）

单选题 Edgar Allan Poe wrote poems which are marvels of beauty and craftsmanship such as（埃德加·爱伦·坡创作了诸多兼具美感与技艺的诗歌，例如）

单选题 Mark Twain created, in _____, a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature.（马克·吐温在_____中创作了美国现实主义的杰作，也是世界文学名著之一。）

单选题 In American literature, the 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment, _____ was the dominant spirit.（美国文学中，18世纪是启蒙运动时代，_____是主流精神。）