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SCENARIO - Please use the following to answer the next question: Financially, it has been a very good year at ARRA Hotels: Their 21 hotels, located in Greece (5), Italy (15) and Spain (1), have registered their most profitable results ever. To celebrate this achievement, ARRA Hotels’ Human Resources office, based in ARRA’s main Italian establishment, has organized a team event for its 420 employees and their families at its hotel in Spain. Upon arrival at the hotel, each employee and family member is given an electronic wristband at the reception desk. The wristband serves a number of functions: • Allows access to the “party zone” of the hotel, and emits a buzz if the user approaches any unauthorized areas • Allows up to three free drinks for each person of legal age, and emits a buzz once this limit has been reached • Grants a unique ID number for participating in the games and contests that have been planned. Along with the wristband, each guest receives a QR code that leads to the online privacy notice describing the use of the wristband. The page also contains an unchecked consent checkbox. In the case of employee family members under the age of 16, consent must be given by a parent. Among the various activities planned for the event, ARRA Hotels’ HR office has autonomously set up a photocall area, separate from the main event venue, where employees can come and have their pictures taken in traditional carnival costume. The photos will be posted on ARRA Hotels’ main website for general marketing purposes. On the night of the event, an employee from one of ARRA’s Greek hotels is displeased with the results of the photos in which he appears. He intends to file a complaint with the relevant supervisory authority in regard to the following: • The lack of any privacy notice in the separate photocall area • The unlawful cross-border processing of his personal data • The unacceptable aesthetic outcome of his photos Which of the following is NOT necessarily considered a factor in identifying whether the processing could be considered a “cross-border processing”?
Joe started the Gummy Bear Company in 2000 from his home in Vermont, USA. Today, it is a multi-billion-dollar candy company operating in every continent. All of the company's IT servers are located in Vermont. This year Joe hires his son Ben to join the company and head up Project Big, which is a major marketing strategy to triple gross revenue in just 5 years. Ben graduated with a PhD in computer software from a top university. Ben decided to join his father's company, but is also secretly working on launching a new global online dating website company called Ben Knows Best. Ben is aware that the Gummy Bear Company has millions of customers and believes that many of them might also be interested in finding their perfect match. For Project Big, Ben redesigns the company's online web portal and requires customers in the European Union and elsewhere to provide additional personal information in order to remain a customer. Project Ben begins collecting data about customers' philosophical beliefs, political opinions and marital status. If a customer identifies as single, Ben then copies all of that customer's personal data onto a separate database for Ben Knows Best. Ben believes that he is not doing anything wrong, because he explicitly asks each customer to give their consent by requiring them to check a box before accepting their information. As Project Big is an important project, the company also hires a first-year college student named Sam, who is studying computer science, to help Ben out. Ben calls out sick and Sam comes across the Ben Knows Best database. Sam is planning on going to Ireland over Spring Break with 10 of his friends, so he copies all of the customer information of people that reside in Ireland so that he and his friends can contact people when they are in Ireland. Joe also hires his best friend's daughter, Alice, who just graduated from law school in the U.S., to be the company's new General Counsel. Alice has heard about the GDPR, so she does some research on it. Alice approaches Joe and informs him that she has drafted up Binding Corporate Rules for everyone in the company to follow, as it is important for the company to have in place a legal mechanism to transfer data internally from the company's operations in the European Union to the U.S. Joe believes that Alice is doing a great job, and informs her that she will also be in-charge of handling a major lawsuit that has been brought against the company in federal court in the U.S. To prepare for the lawsuit, Alice instructs the company's IT department to make copies of the computer hard drives from the entire global sales team, including the European Union, and send everything to her so that she can review everyone's information. Alice believes that Joe will be happy that she did the first level review, as it will save the company a lot of money that would otherwise be paid to its outside law firm. Ben's collection of additional data from customers created several potential issues for the company, which would most likely require which of the following actions?
It has been a tough season for the Spanish Handball League, with acts of violence and racism having increased exponentially during their last few matches. In order to address this situation, the Spanish Minister of Sports, in conjunction with the National Handball League Association, issued an Administrative Order (the "Act") obliging all the professional clubs to install a fingerprint-reading system for accessing some areas of the sports halls, primarily the ones directly behind the goalkeepers. The rest of the areas would retain the current access system, which allows any spectators access as long as they hold valid tickets. The Act named a selected hardware and software provider, New Digital Finger, Ltd., for creation of the new fingerprint system. Additionally, it stipulated that any of the professional clubs that failed to install this system within a two-year period would face fines under the Act. The Murla HB Club was the first to install the new system, renting the New Digital Finger hardware and software. Immediately afterwards, the Murla HB Club automatically renewed current supporters' subscriptions, while introducing a new contractual clause requiring supporters to access specific areas of the hall through the new fingerprint reading system installed at the gates. After the first match hosted by the Murla HB Club, a local supporter submitted a complaint to the club and to the Spanish Data Protection Authority (the AEPD), claiming that the new access system violates EU data protection laws. Having been notified by the AEPD of the upcoming investigation regarding this complaint, the Murla HB Club immediately carried out a Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA), the conclusions of which stated that the new access system did not pose any high risks to data subjects' privacy rights. While assessing the possible use of fingerprints for accessing the sport hall, what criteria should NOT be included in the analysis carried out in the DPIA?
SCENARIO - Please use the following to answer the next question: Joe is the new privacy manager for Who-R-U, a Canadian business that provides DNA analysis. The company is headquartered in Montreal, and all of its employees are located there. The company offers its services to Canadians only: its website is in English and French, it accepts only Canadian currency, and it blocks internet traffic from outside of Canada (although this solution doesn't prevent all non-Canadian traffic). It also declines to process orders that request the DNA report to be sent outside of Canada, and returns orders that show a non-Canadian return address. Bob, the President of Who-R-U, thinks there is a lot of interest for the product in the EU, and the company is exploring a number of plans to expand its customer base. The first plan, collegially called We-Track-U, will use an app to collect information about its current Canadian customer base. The expansion will allow its Canadian customers to use the app while traveling abroad. He suggests that the company use this app to gather location information. If the plan shows promise, Bob proposes to use push notifications and text messages to encourage existing customers to pre-register for an EU version of the service. Bob calls this work plan, We-Text-U. Once the company has gathered enough pre-registrations, it will develop EU-specific content and services. Another plan is called Customer for Life. The idea is to offer additional services through the company's app, like storage and sharing of DNA information with other applications and medical providers. The company's contract says that it can keep customer DNA indefinitely, and use it to offer new services and market them to customers. It also says that customers agree not to withdraw direct marketing consent. Paul, the marketing director, suggests that the company should fully exploit these provisions, and that it can work around customers' attempts to withdraw consent because the contract invalidates them. The final plan is to develop a brand presence in the EU. The company has already begun this process. It is in the process of purchasing the naming rights for a building in Germany, which would come with a few offices that Who-R-U executives can use while traveling internationally. The office doesn't include any technology or infrastructure; rather, it's simply a room with a desk and some chairs. On a recent trip concerning the naming-rights deal, Bob's laptop is stolen. The laptop held unencrypted DNA reports on 5,000 Who-R-U customers, all of whom are residents of Canada. The reports include customer name, birthdate, ethnicity, racial background, names of relatives, gender, and occasionally health information. The Customer for Life plan may conflict with which GDPR provision?
SCENARIO - Please use the following to answer the next question: Gentle Hedgehog Inc. is a privately owned website design agency incorporated in Italy. The company has numerous remote workers in different EU countries. Recently, the management of Gentle Hedgehog noticed a decrease in productivity of their sales team, especially among remote workers. As a result, the company plans to implement a robust but privacy-friendly remote surveillance system to prevent absenteeism, reward top performers, and ensure the best quality of customer service when sales people are interacting with customers. Gentle Hedgehog eventually hires Sauron Eye Inc., a Chinese vendor of employee surveillance software whose European headquarters is in Germany. Sauron Eye's software provides powerful remote-monitoring capabilities, including 24/7 access to computer cameras and microphones, screen captures, emails, website history, and keystrokes. Any device can be remotely monitored from a central server that is securely installed at Gentle Hedgehog headquarters. The monitoring is invisible by default; however, a so-called Transparent Mode, which regularly and conspicuously notifies all users about the monitoring and its precise scope, also exists. Additionally, the monitored employees are required to use a built-in verification technology involving facial recognition each time they log in. All monitoring data, including the facial recognition data, is securely stored in Microsoft Azure cloud servers operated by Sauron Eye, which are physically located in France. What monitoring may lawfully be performed within the scope of Gentle Hedgehog's business?
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