儿科29到36章疾病试题374-479_在线真题试卷与模拟练习_儿科29到36章疾病试题374-479_考试宝

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What is the priority when caring for a 6-month-old diagnosed with atopic dermatitis?

The nurse is reviewing teaching with the parents of a child who has tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp) and is newly prescribed griseofulvin oral suspension and 1% selenium sulfide shampoo. Which statement by the child's parent requires the nurse to intervene?

The clinic nurse is reviewing self-care management of acne vulgaris with an adolescent client. Which client statement indicates a need for further instruction?

The parent of a 6-year-old calls the nurse and reports that the child was playing outside in the snow and the child's feet now appear red and swollen. What is the best response by the nurse?

A child’s arm is burned from accidentally spilling boiling water on it, and the parent calls the clinic. The nearest emergency department is an hour away. Which instructions would be appropriate to give the parent? Select all that apply.

Proper emergency care immediately following a burn can prevent infection, hypothermia, and further tissue damage. Once the source of the burn is contained, the nurse teaches the client home care that can be given prior to arrival to the emergency department. Client teaching includes: • Soak area briefly in cool water to stop the burning process (Option 2). • Remove any clothing or jewelry around the burn to avoid constriction as edema develops. This also allows for quick assessment of the burn by clinicians. Only a health care provider may remove clothing that is stuck to the burned area (Option 5). • Cover with a clean, dry cloth to prevent contamination, further trauma, and hypothermia (Option 3). (Option 1) Medications should not be applied to a burn until prescribed by a health care provider as they may interfere with assessment of the burned area. (Option 4) Placing ice on a burn or wrapping the area in ice can increase tissue damage and may cause hypothermia with large burns. No ice, ointments, creams, or butter should be placed on the open skin. Educational objective: Caring for a burn in the home setting includes gently soaking the area with cool water; removing clothing or jewelry if not stuck to the skin; covering the affected area with clean, dry cloth/bandages; and avoiding application of medication or substances to the wound.

The nurse is completing chemotherapy education with an adolescent client. The client states "I would rather continue to have cancer than lose all of my hair." How should the nurse respond?

The nurse receives 4 prescriptions for a child diagnosed with hemophilia A who was brought to the emergency department following an injury on the school playground. The child has vomited once and has a headache. Which prescription should the nurse carry out first?

The nurse receives 4 prescriptions for a child diagnosed with hemophilia A who was brought to the emergency department following an injury on the school playground. The child has vomited once and has a headache. Which prescription should the nurse carry out first?

What is the best activity for a school-aged child hospitalized for vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis?

Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in coagulation proteins. Treatment consists of replacing the missing clotting factor and teaching the client about injury prevention, including: • Avoid medications such as ibuprofen and aspirin that have platelet inhibition properties (Option 4). • Avoid intramuscular injections; subcutaneous injections are preferred. • Avoid contact sports and safety hazards; noncontact activities (eg, swimming, jogging, tennis) and use of protective equipment (eg, helmets, padding) are encouraged (Option 5). • Dental hygiene is necessary to prevent gum bleeding, and soft toothbrushes should be used. • MedicAlert bracelets should be worn at all times (Option 3).

Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in coagulation proteins. Treatment consists of replacing the missing clotting factor and teaching the client about injury prevention, including: • Avoid medications such as ibuprofen and aspirin that have platelet inhibition properties (Option 4). • Avoid intramuscular injections; subcutaneous injections are preferred. • Avoid contact sports and safety hazards; noncontact activities (eg, swimming, jogging, tennis) and use of protective equipment (eg, helmets, padding) are encouraged (Option 5). • Dental hygiene is necessary to prevent gum bleeding, and soft toothbrushes should be used. • MedicAlert bracelets should be worn at all times (Option 3). (Option 1) Malnutrition is not commonly associated with hemophilia; a regular diet is indicated. Clients with cystic fibrosis are at risk for malnutrition and need a high-calorie diet. (Option 2) Dehydration is not commonly associated with hemophilia. Avoiding dehydration is important for those with sickle cell anemia. Educational objective: Parents of a child with hemophilia should encourage noncontact sports, avoid giving medications that inhibit platelet aggregation, know how to control bleeding when it occurs, and ensure that the child wears a MedicAlert bracelet at all times.

A teenage client with sickle cell disease is admitted with a diagnosis of crisis. The client's current prescription is morphine 2 mg intravenous push every 4 hours prn. The client appears comfortable while watching television and tells the nurse "I have severe intolerable pain," and rates it a "10." What action should the nurse take?

Several children seen at a local pediatric clinic are found to have a hemoglobin level of 10-11 g/dL (100-110 g/L). Which dietary modification would most likely help increase hemoglobin levels in these clients?

Several children seen at a local pediatric clinic are found to have a hemoglobin level of 10-11 g/dL (100-110 g/L). Which dietary modification would most likely help increase hemoglobin levels in these clients?

The nurse is triaging a 7-year-old with sickle cell crisis. The client is short of breath and vomiting and has severe generalized body and joint pains. Which assessment finding requires the most immediate intervention?

The nurse planning teaching for the parents of a child newly diagnosed with hemophilia will include information about which long-term complication?

A 6-month-old infant is brought to the emergency department after experiencing vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which prescription from the health care provider is the priority? Click on the exhibit button for additional information.

Congenital hypothyroidism occurs when abnormal development of the thyroid gland causes complete or decreased secretion of thyroid hormone (TH). Untreated hypothyroidism can cause severe intellectual disability in infants if undetected. Screening occurs after birth for all infants in the United States and Canada to prevent disability and encourage early treatment (i.e., levothyroxine). TH plays an important role in growth, development, and regulation of many bodily functions (eg, heat production, muscle tone, skin function, cardiac function, metabolism). Clinical manifestations in affected infants reflect the pathophysiology of decreased TH and may include: • Difficulty awakening, lethargy, or hyporeflexia due to alterations in central nervous system function • Dry skin due to alterations in skin function • Hoarse cry caused by swelling of the vocal cords due to fluid retention • Constipation due to slowed metabolism • Bradycardia due to the effect of TH on cardiac function [Options 3 and 5] Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) is an autoimmune condition related to increased production of TH. Neonatal Graves disease is uncommon and usually occurs secondary to maternal hyperthyroidism. Tachycardia and increased bowel motility (frequent or loose stools) are features of hyperthyroidism and are related to an increase in metabolic processes. Educational objective: Congenital hypothyroidism is a partial or complete loss of thyroid function that affects growth, development, and regulation of bodily functions. Clinical manifestations in affected infants may include dry skin, hoarse cry, or difficulty awakening beginning a few months after birth. If untreated, intellectual disability may occur.

The nurse is planning a client care conference with the parents of a 3-year-old with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. What is the priority outcome for the caregivers?

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